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Un impuesto a los vendedores: ¿quién lo paga en realidad?

Un impuesto por unidad en un gráfico exacto de oferta y demanda: el nuevo equilibrio hallado y luego la carga repartida entre compradores y vendedores.

  • 1:50
  • Problemas de economía
  • Narrado por Erinome
  • Inglés

Hecho a partir de un prompt

Demand is Qd = 100 − 10P and supply Qs = 10P. A tax of ₹2 a unit is put on sellers: what do buyers pay and sellers keep?

Transcripción del video

In this video, we work out how a tax on sellers affects the prices buyers pay and sellers keep.

Question one. Demand is quantity demanded equals one hundred minus ten P and supply quantity supplied equals ten P. A tax of two rupees a unit is put on sellers: what do buyers pay and sellers keep?

First, put quantity on the horizontal axis and price in rupees on the vertical axis. Draw demand, D: price equals ten minus quantity divided by ten. Draw supply, S: price equals quantity divided by ten.

Their initial equilibrium, E zero, has a price of five rupees and a quantity of fifty units.

The tax shifts supply upward by two rupees to S one, because sellers need two extra rupees to supply each quantity. Call the buyer price P b and the seller price P s: the buyer price minus the seller price equals two.

Equating demand and supply gives one hundred minus ten P b equals ten times P b minus two, in brackets.

Collecting terms, twenty P b equals one hundred and twenty.

Dividing by twenty, buyers pay six rupees per unit.

Sellers keep six minus two, which is four rupees per unit, shown at point A on the original supply curve.

The new equilibrium, E one, has a buyer price of six rupees and a quantity of forty units.

Check: demand at six rupees and supply at four rupees both equal forty units. Hence, buyers pay six rupees per unit, and sellers keep four rupees per unit.

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